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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

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HLA-Ig Based Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells for Efficient ex vivo Expansion of Human CTL
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Plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia with potent antigen-presenting ability.

Miwako Narita1, Takashi Kuroha, Norihiro Watanabe

  • 1Laboratory of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan. naritami@clg.niigata-u.ac.jp

Acta Haematologica
|October 25, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia (pDCL) cells exhibit antigen-presenting capabilities. Interleukin-3 enhances this ability, suggesting pDCL cells may function as antigen-presenting cells in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia (pDCL) is a rare hematologic malignancy.
  • Characterizing the immunophenotype and functional properties of pDCL is crucial for understanding its biology.

Observation:

  • Two patients with pDCL presented with a distinct immunophenotype including CD4, CD56, CD33, CD36, HLA-DR, CD123, CD86, and CD83.
  • Leukemic blasts expressed minimal lineage markers, with CD33 being the exception.

Findings:

  • Culturing pDCL blasts with IL-3 upregulated antigen-presenting molecules like CD1a and CD40.
  • pDCL blasts demonstrated significant antigen-presenting ability to allogeneic lymphocytes in vitro, which was further enhanced by IL-3.
  • A case of pDCL treated with cord blood stem cell transplantation showed graft-versus-leukemia effects without graft-versus-host disease.

Implications:

  • Leukemic cells in pDCL may possess potent in vivo antigen-presenting cell functions.
  • These findings could inform novel therapeutic strategies targeting the immune system in pDCL.
  • Understanding the immunobiology of pDCL is essential for improving patient outcomes.