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Hepatitis

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

NIH consensus development statement on management of hepatitis B.

E A Belongia, J Costa, I F Gareen

NIH Consensus and State-Of-The-Science Statements

|October 25, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) management focuses on preventing cirrhosis and liver cancer. Current therapies improve biomarkers but lack proven impact on mortality; further research is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

Hepatology and Infectious Diseases
Public Health and Epidemiology
Oncology

Background:

Chronic hepatitis B (HBV) poses significant risks for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

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Key predictors of advanced liver disease include persistently elevated HBV DNA and ALT levels, HBV genotype C, male sex, older age, family history of HCC, and co-infections (HCV, HIV).