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Related Concept Videos

Peptidoglycan Synthesis01:28

Peptidoglycan Synthesis

Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan biosynthesis begins in...
Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Utilizing Thermal Shift Assay to Probe Substrate Binding to Selenoprotein O
03:09

Utilizing Thermal Shift Assay to Probe Substrate Binding to Selenoprotein O

Published on: August 9, 2024

Selenopeptide chemistry.

Markus Muttenthaler1, Paul F Alewood

  • 1Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Journal of Peptide Science : an Official Publication of the European Peptide Society
|October 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores selenocysteine, the 21st amino acid, detailing its chemical properties and synthesis for incorporation into peptides and proteins. Selenopeptides offer unique characteristics for diverse applications.

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Utilizing Thermal Shift Assay to Probe Substrate Binding to Selenoprotein O
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Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Selenocysteine, the 21st proteinogenic amino acid, possesses unique chemical properties due to selenium.
  • Understanding its incorporation and reactivity is crucial for advancing peptide and protein chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the chemical aspects of selenocysteine in peptides and proteins.
  • To highlight synthetic methodologies for selenocysteine incorporation and its applications.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of structural (X-ray, NMR, CD) and biological data.
  • Overview of synthetic methods for selenocysteine building blocks (Boc- and Fmoc-SPPS).
  • Discussion of selenocysteine-mediated reactions (native chemical ligation, dehydroalanine formation).

Main Results:

  • Selenocysteine exhibits physicochemical properties comparable to cysteine, making it a conservative substitution.
  • Established synthetic routes for incorporating selenocysteine into peptides and proteins.
  • Demonstrated utility of selenocysteine in peptide conjugation and other applications.

Conclusions:

  • Selenocysteine incorporation into peptides and proteins is achievable through various synthetic strategies.
  • Selenopeptides possess distinct properties enabling diverse applications as probes, scaffolds, and tools in biochemical research.