Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage. When...
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The 2026 global roadmap for textile-integrated wearable technologies in health.

Physiological measurement·2026
Same author

Risk Stratification of Patients With Type 2 Long-QT Syndrome Through Analysis of T-Wave Morphology.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

Clinical value of ECG-derived markers for risk stratification in sudden cardiac arrest due to Chagas cardiomyopathy.

Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.)·2026
Same author

Spinal motor neuron pools may be partly driven by impulsive common inputs.

The Journal of physiology·2026
Same author

3D Segmentation of Multi-contrast Cardiac Magnetic Resonances With Topological Correction and Synthetic Data Augmentation.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same author

Real-time assessment of inter and intraventricular synchrony in cardiac resynchronization therapy with left bundle branch pacing using ECGi and low-frequency QRS analysis.

Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing·2026
Same journal

Inverse FIP effect plasma in the solar atmosphere: a synthesis of current understanding and new insights from AR 11967.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Signs of sulfur fractionation under high magnetic field strength.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

First ionization potential fractionation of sulfur observed with spectral imaging of the coronal environment.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Chromospheric dynamics and turbulence regulate the solar FIP effect.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Exploring the link between wave activity in the photospheric velocity driver and the FIP bias in the solar corona.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
Same journal

Radiative hydrodynamic simulations of first ionization potential fractionation in solar flares.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

Cardiac repolarization analysis using the surface electrocardiogram.

Esther Pueyo1, Juan Pablo Martínez, Pablo Laguna

  • 1Communications Technology Group, Aragon Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain. epueyo@unizar.es

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|October 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sudden cardiac death risk can be assessed by analyzing electrocardiogram (ECG) repolarization. This study reviews ECG repolarization analysis techniques for patient risk stratification and therapy assessment.

More Related Videos

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
10:17

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice
06:07

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Published on: May 23, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
10:17

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

Published on: April 11, 2025

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice
06:07

Analyzing Long-Term Electrocardiography Recordings to Detect Arrhythmias in Mice

Published on: May 23, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Signal Processing

Background:

  • Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a significant health concern.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) repolarization analysis aids in risk stratification for arrhythmic events.
  • Assessing antiarrhythmic therapy efficacy is crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the cellular basis of ECG repolarization waveforms.
  • To review techniques for characterizing spatial and temporal repolarization dispersion.
  • To summarize the clinical utility of repolarization indices for risk stratification.

Main Methods:

  • Exploration of cellular electrophysiology underlying ECG repolarization.
  • Description of essential ECG signal preprocessing steps.
  • Comprehensive review of spatial and temporal repolarization dispersion analysis techniques.

Main Results:

  • Spatial dispersion techniques analyze repolarization duration and T-wave loop morphology.
  • Temporal dispersion techniques include QT interval adaptation, variability, and T-wave alternans.
  • These methods provide valuable insights for clinical risk stratification.

Conclusions:

  • ECG repolarization analysis is vital for managing SCD risk.
  • Understanding repolarization dynamics aids in personalized antiarrhythmic treatment.
  • Advanced analysis of ECG signals enhances patient care and outcomes.