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Intimate partner violence screening in the emergency department
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, USA. jdaughe@emory.edu
Journal of Postgraduate Medicine
|October 28, 2008
Summary
Emergency departments (EDs) are a critical point of contact for intimate partner violence (IPV) victims. However, consistent identification and referral of IPV survivors remain low, despite patient willingness to disclose abuse.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Emergency Medicine
- Sociology
Background:
- Millions of women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) annually in the US.
- Many IPV survivors seek initial care in Emergency Departments (EDs).
- Disclosure of IPV to physicians is often comfortable for patients, yet identification is inconsistent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review IPV prevalence statistics.
- To examine current ED screening practices for IPV.
- To propose future strategies for improving IPV victim identification in EDs.
Main Methods:
- A Medline search was performed.
- Articles focused on IPV screening within ED settings were reviewed.
Main Results:
- IPV causes significant annual deaths and injuries among women.
- Up to one-third of ED patients report a history of IPV.
- Healthcare provider identification of IPV ranges from 4-10%, despite patient willingness to disclose.
Conclusions:
- Failure to identify IPV victims in the ED can perpetuate abuse.
- Delayed identification may lead to recurrent ED visits for injuries.
- Untreated IPV in the ED setting poses a risk of mortality.
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