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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Fu's Subcutaneous Needling for Knee Osteoarthritis Pain
Published on: March 24, 2023
Nonsurgical management of osteoarthritis in dogs
Spencer A Johnston1, Ronald M McLaughlin, Steven C Budsberg
1Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA. spencerj@uga.edu
Abstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA), although superficially considered to be deterioration of the joint associated with pain and dysfunction, is actually quite a complex condition. When considering treatment of OA, a multitude of biochemical, physical, and pathologic alterations must be recognized. This article presents a review of the published material regarding various nonsurgical treatments for OA. When there are no data regarding a specific treatment or when a statement is the opinion of the authors, such a deficiency is identified.
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