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Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness
09:17

Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness

Published on: May 2, 2017

The immune system in critical illness.

John C Marshall1, Emmanuel Charbonney, Patricia Duque Gonzalez

  • 1Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8. marshallj@smh.toronto.on.ca

Clinics in Chest Medicine
|October 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The mammalian immune system has innate and adaptive arms that protect against danger. Critical illness disrupts these systems, complicating treatments for conditions like sepsis.

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A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness
09:17

Use of a Central Venous Line for Fluids, Drugs and Nutrient Administration in a Mouse Model of Critical Illness

Published on: May 2, 2017

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The mammalian immune system is a complex network protecting against environmental threats.
  • It consists of the innate immune system (rapid, nonspecific) and the adaptive immune system (selective, memory-based).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the components and functions of the innate and adaptive immune systems.
  • To discuss the impact of critical illness on immune responses.
  • To highlight challenges in treating sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immune system components and functions.
  • Analysis of immune system derangements in critical illness.
  • Discussion of clinical implications for sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Main Results:

  • Innate immunity uses pattern-recognition receptors for rapid, nonspecific responses, implicated in sepsis.
  • Adaptive immunity is slow but highly selective with memory.
  • Critical illness causes widespread immune system dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • The complexity of immune derangements in critical illness hinders effective therapeutic interventions.
  • Current strategies struggle to significantly alter the clinical course of sepsis due to immune system complexity.