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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

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Estimating the refractive index of pharmaceutical solids using predictive methods.

Xiaoping Cao1, Bruno C Hancock, Norma Leyva

  • 1Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA. xiaoping.cao@pfizer.com

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
|October 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study surveyed refractive index values for 424 pharmaceutical solids, finding a mean of 1.603. The Eisenlohr and Vogel methods accurately predict these values, offering a fast and reliable estimation for pharmaceutical solids.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Refractive index is a fundamental physical property of pharmaceutical solids.
  • Understanding refractive index is crucial for characterizing and processing these materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey refractive index values of pharmaceutical solids from existing literature.
  • To evaluate the applicability of Eisenlohr and Vogel methods for estimating refractive index in pharmaceutical solids.
  • To compare estimated values with experimentally measured data.

Main Methods:

  • Literature survey of refractive index values for 424 pharmaceutical solids.
  • Application of Eisenlohr and Vogel methods for refractive index estimation.
  • Comparison of estimated values with experimentally measured values using polarized light microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Refractive index values of pharmaceutical solids follow a normal distribution with a mean of 1.603.
  • Eisenlohr and Vogel methods showed excellent agreement with literature values (average absolute percent error of 1.22% and 1.25%).
  • In-house measurements for active pharmaceutical ingredients showed greater discrepancies, suggesting method sensitivity to specific sample properties.

Conclusions:

  • The Eisenlohr and Vogel R(D) methods are effective for rapid and accurate prediction of pharmaceutical solid refractive indices.
  • These methods offer a valuable tool for pharmaceutical characterization and quality control.
  • Further evaluation may be needed for specific active pharmaceutical ingredients.