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Related Concept Videos

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
Pancreas01:19

Pancreas

The pancreas, an essential organ in the human body, is a pinkish-gray elongated structure located posterior to the stomach. It extends laterally from the duodenum towards the spleen and is firmly bound to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity. The organ's surface has a lumpy, lobular texture that gives it a unique appearance.
The broad head of the pancreas lies within the loop formed by the duodenum, while its slender body reaches towards the spleen. The tail of the pancreas is short and...
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Efficient Generation of Pancreas/Duodenum Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Pancreatic Progenitors from hPSCs in Adhesion Cultures
08:32

Efficient Generation of Pancreas/Duodenum Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Pancreatic Progenitors from hPSCs in Adhesion Cultures

Published on: March 27, 2019

Genes controlling pancreas ontogeny.

Claire Bonal1, Pedro L Herrera

  • 1Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.

The International Journal of Developmental Biology
|October 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Pancreas development involves coordinated molecular signals influencing progenitor cell fate. Gene expression changes guide the formation of dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds from endodermal tissues.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pancreas development originates from two distinct endodermal primordia.
  • Early morphological changes involve coordinated responses to extrinsic and intrinsic signals.
  • Progenitor cell fate is determined by extrinsic signals and sequential transcription factor activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key molecular events in early pancreas development.
  • To summarize gene expression changes during pancreatic bud formation.
  • To elucidate the roles of extrinsic and intrinsic signals in pancreas organogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of gene expression studies in pancreas development.
  • Analysis of molecular signaling pathways.

More Related Videos

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro
09:33

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2018

Efficient Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells to NKX6-1+ Pancreatic Progenitors
09:23

Efficient Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells to NKX6-1+ Pancreatic Progenitors

Published on: March 7, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Efficient Generation of Pancreas/Duodenum Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Pancreatic Progenitors from hPSCs in Adhesion Cultures
08:32

Efficient Generation of Pancreas/Duodenum Homeobox Protein 1+ Posterior Foregut/Pancreatic Progenitors from hPSCs in Adhesion Cultures

Published on: March 27, 2019

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro
09:33

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2018

Efficient Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells to NKX6-1+ Pancreatic Progenitors
09:23

Efficient Differentiation of Pluripotent Stem Cells to NKX6-1+ Pancreatic Progenitors

Published on: March 7, 2017

  • Summary of transcription factor roles.

    • Main Results:

    • Extrinsic signals influence progenitor cell differentiation.
    • Intrinsic signals, via transcription factors, drive cell commitment and differentiation.
    • The interplay of signals is dynamic and depends on progenitor cell competence.

    Conclusions:

    • Early pancreas development is a complex process regulated by gene expression.
    • Understanding these molecular events is crucial for studying pancreatic diseases.
    • Further research into signaling crosstalk is warranted.