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Related Concept Videos

Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
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Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Introduction to Sequences01:26

Introduction to Sequences

The ancient Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea proposed a series of paradoxes to challenge prevailing notions of motion and continuity. One such paradox imagines a man walking toward a door but only ever covering half the remaining distance with each step. This sequence of movements—first one-half, then one-quarter, then one-eighth of the total distance, and so on—forms a mathematical concept known as a geometric sequence. Each term is half of the previous one and can be written...
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics
09:40

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Published on: January 25, 2019

Fast algorithms for computing sequence distances by exhaustive substring composition.

Alberto Apostolico1, Olgert Denas

  • 1Academia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, Italy. axa@cc.gatech.edu

Algorithms for Molecular Biology : AMB
|October 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New genomic analysis methods using subword composition offer faster, effective sequence comparison for phylogenetic tree reconstruction, overcoming limitations of traditional approaches.

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

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2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications
05:41

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications

Published on: July 10, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • High-throughput sequencing necessitates advanced genomic analysis and comparison methods.
  • Traditional sequence similarity measures face epistemological and computational challenges.
  • Subword composition methods offer a promising alternative for genomic scale analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend and efficiently implement a subword composition-based method for sequence comparison.
  • To address the computational cost limitations of existing sequence analysis techniques.
  • To provide a robust method for phylogenetic tree reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of frequencies of all subwords in two input sequences.
  • Adjustment of frequencies to account for statistical background.
  • Extension and efficient implementation of a subword composition-based approach.

Main Results:

  • The described method provides a fast and effective approach to sequence comparison.
  • The approach is suitable for genomic scale analysis and phylogenetic tree reconstruction.
  • Efficient implementation addresses computational cost concerns.

Conclusions:

  • Subword composition methods, based on relative compressibility, are viable for genomic analysis.
  • The extended and efficient implementation offers a practical solution for sequence comparison needs.
  • This approach enhances phylogenetic tree reconstruction capabilities.