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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance between...
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Technical Considerations and Approach to Redo Foregut Surgery
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Technical Considerations and Approach to Redo Foregut Surgery

Published on: September 22, 2023

[Post trauma diaphragmatic hernia].

Jaime Ruiz-Tovar1, Purificación Calero García, Vicente Morales Castiñeiras

  • 1Servicio de Cirugía de General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España. jruiztovar@gmail.com

Revista De Gastroenterologia Del Peru : Organo Oficial De La Sociedad De Gastroenterologia Del Peru
|October 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernias are rare and difficult to diagnose, often presenting late with bowel obstruction or respiratory issues. Prompt surgical intervention is crucial for managing this condition and preventing complications.

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Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh
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Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh

Published on: September 11, 2021

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Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh
10:52

Laparoscopic Repair of Para-Esophageal Hernia Using Absorbable Biosynthetic Mesh

Published on: September 11, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Surgical Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernias (PDH) result from blunt or penetrating trauma.
  • Diagnosis can be delayed due to subtle presentation or coexisting injuries, leading to late-onset obstructive symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and surgical management of PDH.
  • To highlight the challenges in diagnosing PDH and the risks associated with delayed treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 23 patients undergoing surgery for PDH over 20 years.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, trauma type, diagnostic phase, surgical approach, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Most patients (21/23) had blunt trauma; 7 diagnosed acutely, 13 chronically (9 with bowel obstruction).
  • Left-sided hernias were most common (16/23). Surgery was mostly abdominal; mesh used in only 2 cases.
  • One intraoperative mortality due to hepatic injury; one case of postoperative respiratory sepsis.

Conclusions:

  • PDH is a rare, challenging diagnosis with a high risk of visceral strangulation or respiratory compromise in the chronic phase.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical repair are essential to prevent severe complications.