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Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

Recollection- and familiarity-based decisions reflect memory strength.

Martin Wiesmann1, Alumit Ishai

  • 1Institute of Neuroinformatics, University and ETH Zurich Zurich, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience
|October 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual similarity impacts memory retrieval. Differentiating art based on visual dissimilarity enhances accuracy and reduces false alarms in memory tests, suggesting distinct neural mechanisms for recollection and familiarity.

Keywords:
encodingepisodic memoryfMRIretrieval

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Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories
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Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
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The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Art Perception

Background:

  • Memory judgments rely on recollection and familiarity.
  • Visual similarity can influence cognitive processes.
  • Artistic stimuli provide a rich domain for memory research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how visual similarity affects recollection- and familiarity-based memory judgments for art paintings.
  • To explore the neural correlates of memory retrieval modulated by visual similarity using fMRI.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed.
  • Subjects performed a recognition memory test with old and new art paintings varying in visual similarity.
  • Behavioral data (accuracy, reaction time) and brain activation patterns were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Increased visual dissimilarity led to faster and more accurate rejection of new paintings.
  • Lower visual similarity reduced false alarm rates (incorrectly identifying new paintings as old).
  • Remember judgments showed stronger activation than Know judgments in visual, parietal, and prefrontal regions; recollection and familiarity exhibited distinct hemodynamic profiles in the precuneus.

Conclusions:

  • Visual similarity significantly modulates memory performance and neural activity during art recognition.
  • Recollection and familiarity represent distinct memory processes with differing neural signatures.
  • Differential hemodynamic responses in the precuneus may reflect varying memory strengths associated with recollection versus familiarity.