Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026

05:54
Eye-tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-based and Oculomotor-based Regressive Eye Movements During Reading
Published on: October 18, 2018
On the interactions between top-down anticipation and bottom-up regression
1Brain Science Institute, RIKEN Japan.
Frontiers in Neurorobotics
|October 30, 2008
Summary
This study explores anticipation and regression in cognitive behavior modeling. A neural network model highlights how the interplay and recovery between top-down anticipation and bottom-up regression are key to embodied cognition.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Science
- Artificial Intelligence
- Robotics
Background:
- Cognitive behavior modeling often simplifies complex processes.
- Understanding anticipation and regression is crucial for realistic cognitive models.
- Embodied cognition emphasizes the role of physical interaction in cognition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the roles of anticipation and regression in cognitive behavior.
- To propose and evaluate a neural network model for these functions.
- To explore the link between these cognitive processes and embodied cognition.
Main Methods:
- Development of a novel neural network model.
- Implementation of the model in cognitive robotics experiments.
- Analysis of experimental results to understand cognitive phenomena.
Main Results:
- The neural network model successfully incorporated anticipation and regression.
- Experimental results demonstrated the importance of the interplay between these functions.
- The break-down and recovery between anticipation and regression were identified as key.
Conclusions:
- Anticipation and regression are fundamental to cognitive behavior.
- The proposed neural network model offers insights into embodied cognition.
- The dynamic interplay and recovery of these processes are central to embodied cognition.
Related Concept Videos
Regression Toward the Mean
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...
Interference and Decay
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Actor-Observer Effect
The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in visual...
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Perception
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
Entropy Changes Accompanying Specific Processes
Entropy, a measure of disorder in a system, changes during phase transitions like freezing or boiling. At the transition temperature Ttrs, where two phases are in equilibrium, the phase transition is a reversible process. The entropy change can be calculated from a substance's enthalpy of transition using the equation ΔStrs = ΔtrsH /Ttrs.When a perfect gas expands isothermally from one volume to another, entropy increases logarithmically with volume. Conversely, isothermal compression results...