Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Longitudinal Study of Plasma Metabolites During Menopause and Their Associations With Later Onset of Metabolic Syndrome.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2025
Same author

Genome-wide association study of plasma amino acids and Mendelian randomization for cardiometabolic traits.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

A population-based urinary and plasma metabolomics study of environmental exposure to cadmium.

Environmental health and preventive medicine·2024
Same author

Optimal index for detecting splenic involvement on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Medicine·2024
Same author

Association of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Arterial Stiffness and its Metabolomic Profiling in Japanese Community-Dwellers.

Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis·2024
Same author

Reliability of Time-Series Plasma Metabolome Data over 6 Years in a Large-Scale Cohort Study.

Metabolites·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

Junction ribonuclease activity specified in RNases HII/2.

Naoto Ohtani1, Masaru Tomita, Mitsuhiro Itaya

  • 1Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan. ohtani@ttck.keio.ac.jp

The FEBS Journal
|October 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Junction ribonuclease (JRNase) cleaves RNA-DNA junctions, processing Okazaki fragments. This study clarifies JRNase activity, distinguishing it from RNase H and identifying RNase HII orthologs as key enzymes.

More Related Videos

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA
08:17

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA

Published on: July 9, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA
08:17

Practical Aspects of Sample Preparation and Setup of 1H R1ρ Relaxation Dispersion Experiments of RNA

Published on: July 9, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Junction ribonuclease (JRNase) activity processes RNA-DNA junctions, notably in Okazaki fragments.
  • While initially associated with RNase H2, other RNases H have been implicated in JRNase activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the substrate specificity and enzymatic characteristics of JRNase activity.
  • To differentiate JRNase activity from canonical RNase H activity.
  • To identify specific RNase H family members possessing JRNase activity.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme assays using various RNA-DNA/DNA and RNA-DNA/RNA substrates.
  • Comparative analysis of cleavage patterns across different RNase H family members.
  • Examination of substrate requirements for JRNase recognition.

Main Results:

  • RNases H can cleave RNA-DNA/RNA heteroduplexes at the RNA/RNA duplex region, distinct from RNase H activity.
  • JRNase activity is exclusively found in RNase HII orthologs, differentiating them from RNase HIII paralogs.
  • JRNase can recognize single-stranded RNA-DNA junctions adjacent to double-stranded regions.

Conclusions:

  • JRNase activity is specific to RNase HII orthologs and distinct from RNase H activity.
  • Substrate recognition depends on the presence of a ribonucleotide-deoxyribonucleotide junction within a duplex.
  • RNase HII enzymes play a unique role in processing nucleic acid junctions.