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Related Concept Videos

Acid-Base Titration Curves02:23

Acid-Base Titration Curves

A titration curve is a plot of some solution property versus the amount of added titrant. For acid-base titrations, solution pH is a useful property to monitor because it varies predictably with the solution composition and, therefore, may be used to monitor the titration’s progress and detect its endpoint. Acid-base titration can be performed with a strong acid and a strong base, a strong acid and a weak base, or a strong base and a weak acid.
For a titration carried out for 25.00 mL of 0.100...
Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base01:08

Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base

Weak acids and bases do not undergo dissociation completely, and titrations between these two are rarely studied. When such studies are performed, say, for the titration of a weak acid with a weak base, the titration curve plots the change in pH as a function of the volume of base added. Take the titration of acetic acid with ammonia, for instance. During the titration, these two species form ammonium acetate and water, but the pH change is slow and gradual.
As a result, there is no simple...
Acid–Base Titration: Overview01:26

Acid–Base Titration: Overview

An acid-base titration is a technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base, using a titrant of known concentration–either a base for acid titration or an acid for base titration. The process involves gradually adding the titrant, leading to a predictable change in the pH of the solution. This change is plotted on a titration curve, showing how a solution's pH varies with the amount of titrant added. Such curves are instrumental in monitoring the titration's progress...
Conductometric Titrations: Strong Acid-Weak Base and Weak Acid-Strong Base Titrations01:22

Conductometric Titrations: Strong Acid-Weak Base and Weak Acid-Strong Base Titrations

When a weak acid such as acetic acid is titrated against a strong base like sodium hydroxide, the initial conductance is relatively low due to the weak dissociation of acetic acid. However, as sodium hydroxide is added to the solution, it reacts with the acetic acid to produce highly ionized sodium acetate, which causes an increase in conductance. Once all the acetic acid has been neutralized, any additional sodium hydroxide introduces fast-moving hydroxyl ions, leading to a sharper increase in...
Conductometric Titrations: Strong Acid-Base and Weak Acid-Base Titrations01:29

Conductometric Titrations: Strong Acid-Base and Weak Acid-Base Titrations

In acid-base titrations, conductance measurements are utilized to detect the endpoint. This method is grounded on the fact that electrical conductance relies on the number and mobility of ions. For instance, consider titrating strong acid HCl with a strong NaOH base. Initially, the HCl in the conductivity vessel conducts electricity due to the presence of hydrogen ions and chloride ions. As NaOH is gradually added from the burette, the fast-moving hydrogen ions are replaced by slower-moving...
Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base03:55

Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base

Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Weak Acid/Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Titration ELISA as a Method to Determine the Dissociation Constant of Receptor Ligand Interaction
12:38

Titration ELISA as a Method to Determine the Dissociation Constant of Receptor Ligand Interaction

Published on: February 15, 2018

Improved linear titration plots for weak-acid titrations.

D Midgley1, C McCallum

  • 1Chemistry Department, The University, Glasgow, Scotland.

Talanta
|July 1, 1974
PubMed
Summary

New linear titration plot functions are presented for various acid-base titrations. These functions offer an alternative to Gran functions and are analyzed for potential error sources in chemical analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Analysis

Background:

  • Titration is a fundamental quantitative chemical analysis technique.
  • Gran plots are commonly used for endpoint determination in titrations.
  • Accurate determination of equilibrium constants and activity coefficients is crucial for precise chemical analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive novel linear titration plot functions for weak monobasic acid-strong base, weak dibasic acid-strong base, and weak acid-weak base titrations.
  • To compare the newly derived functions with existing Gran functions.
  • To evaluate the impact of potential errors, including activity coefficients, equilibrium constants, and hydrolysable salts, on titration accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical derivation of linear titration plot functions.

More Related Videos

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
07:49

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy

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Isothermal Titration Calorimetry for Measuring Macromolecule-Ligand Affinity
08:45

Isothermal Titration Calorimetry for Measuring Macromolecule-Ligand Affinity

Published on: September 7, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Titration ELISA as a Method to Determine the Dissociation Constant of Receptor Ligand Interaction
12:38

Titration ELISA as a Method to Determine the Dissociation Constant of Receptor Ligand Interaction

Published on: February 15, 2018

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
07:49

Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy

Published on: February 20, 2020

Isothermal Titration Calorimetry for Measuring Macromolecule-Ligand Affinity
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Isothermal Titration Calorimetry for Measuring Macromolecule-Ligand Affinity

Published on: September 7, 2011

  • Comparative analysis of derived functions against established Gran functions.
  • Error analysis considering the neglect of activity coefficients, equilibrium constant inaccuracies, and the presence of hydrolysable salts.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful derivation of linear titration plot functions for specified titration types.
    • Demonstration of the applicability and potential advantages of the new functions compared to Gran plots.
    • Quantification of the influence of various error sources on the accuracy of titration endpoint determination.

    Conclusions:

    • The derived linear titration plot functions provide a valuable alternative for endpoint determination in complex acid-base titrations.
    • Understanding and accounting for error sources is essential for reliable quantitative chemical analysis.
    • These functions can enhance the precision and reliability of chemical analysis in various laboratory settings.