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Related Experiment Video

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Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies

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Published on: July 1, 2016

Selenium in environmental waters: Determination, speciation and concentration levels.

H Robberecht¹, R Van Grieken

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp (U.I.A.), Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.

|October 1, 1982

Summary

This review covers methods for determining selenium species in environmental waters, focusing on challenges and efficiency at low concentrations. It highlights preconcentration techniques and critically assesses existing speciation data.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Selenium is an essential trace element with varying toxicity depending on its chemical form.
Accurate determination of selenium species in environmental waters is crucial for ecological and human health risk assessment.
Low concentration levels (sub-microgram per liter) in environmental samples pose significant analytical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and critically evaluate methods for selenium speciation in environmental waters.
To discuss the inherent difficulties and assess the efficiency of analytical techniques for trace selenium determination.
To emphasize the importance and review various preconcentration strategies for low-level selenium analysis.

Main Methods:

Review of published literature on selenium speciation techniques.
Critical analysis of analytical methodologies, including separation and detection methods.
Evaluation of preconcentration methods (e.g., solid-phase extraction, coprecipitation) for trace selenium.

Main Results:

Various chromatographic and non-chromatographic methods exist for selenium speciation.
Efficiency of methods varies significantly, especially at sub-microgram per liter levels.
Preconcentration steps are often essential for achieving required detection limits.
Published data on selenium levels and speciation in diverse water bodies show considerable variability.

Conclusions:

No single method is universally optimal for all selenium speciation scenarios in environmental waters.
Method selection should consider the specific water matrix, target species, and required sensitivity.
Further development of sensitive and robust methods, particularly for preconcentration, is needed for accurate environmental monitoring.