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Related Concept Videos

Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
Qualitative Analysis03:46

Qualitative Analysis

For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents00:49

Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents

In gravimetry, the precipitant is chosen carefully to obtain a pure solid that can be easily filtered. Common inorganic precipitants can be used to determine several cations and anions. In some cases, the formation of the same precipitate can be used to determine the cation and the anion. For example, the reaction of barium and chromate ions to give barium chromate is used to determine both barium and chromate. However, precipitates such as hydroxides, oxalates, and metal ammonium phosphates...
Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods01:18

Effects of EDTA on End-Point Detection Methods

Different methods, such as visual observance of metal-ion indicators, spectroscopic techniques, and potentiometric methods, can determine the endpoint of an EDTA titration.
In the visual method, metal-ion indicators (metallochromic dyes), which have distinct colors in their free and complex forms, are added to the mixture to signal the titration's end point. They form stable complexes with metal ions, but these complexes are weaker than the corresponding metal–EDTA complexes. As a result, EDTA...
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...
Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques01:08

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques

Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies
10:44

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies

Published on: July 1, 2016

Purified reagents for trace metal analysis.

J R Moody1, E S Beary

  • 1U.S. National Bureau of Standards, Center for Analytical Chemistry, Inorganic Analytical Research Division, Washington DC 20234, U.S.A.

Talanta
|November 1, 1982
PubMed
Summary

Sub-boiling distillation effectively reduces inorganic analytical blank levels. This review covers over 10 years of experience and details a new laboratory designed for high-quality reagent acid production.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Sub-boiling distillation is a key technique for minimizing inorganic analytical blank.
  • High-purity reagent acids are essential for accurate trace element analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review practical experience with sub-boiling distillation for reagent acid production.
  • To describe a new laboratory designed for efficient and high-quality reagent acid manufacturing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of over 10 years of practical experience in reagent acid production using sub-boiling distillation.
  • Description of a newly designed laboratory facility for continuous, trouble-free operation.

Main Results:

  • Sub-boiling distillation has been validated as a standard method for blank reduction.

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Fabrication of a Dipole-assisted Solid Phase Extraction Microchip for Trace Metal Analysis in Water Samples
09:42

Fabrication of a Dipole-assisted Solid Phase Extraction Microchip for Trace Metal Analysis in Water Samples

Published on: August 7, 2016

Quantification of Metal Leaching in Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography
05:35

Quantification of Metal Leaching in Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography

Published on: January 17, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies
10:44

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies

Published on: July 1, 2016

Fabrication of a Dipole-assisted Solid Phase Extraction Microchip for Trace Metal Analysis in Water Samples
09:42

Fabrication of a Dipole-assisted Solid Phase Extraction Microchip for Trace Metal Analysis in Water Samples

Published on: August 7, 2016

Quantification of Metal Leaching in Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography
05:35

Quantification of Metal Leaching in Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography

Published on: January 17, 2020

  • The new laboratory design facilitates consistent production of high-quality reagent acids.

    • Conclusions:

    • Sub-boiling distillation is a reliable method for achieving low analytical blanks.
    • The specialized laboratory ensures the sustained production of superior reagent acids for analytical applications.