Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026
20:38
AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures
Published on: July 28, 2008
Electrodeless conductivity.
T S Light1, E J McHale, K S Fletcher
1The Foxboro Company, Research Center (N01-2A), Foxboro, MA 02035, U.S.A.
Talanta
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Electrodeless conductivity offers a fouling-resistant method for measuring electrolyte concentration in solutions. This technique is ideal for continuous monitoring in industrial chemical processing applications.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering
- Industrial Process Monitoring
Background:
- Traditional conductivity probes can be fouled by suspensions, precipitates, or oil, limiting their use in industrial applications.
- Continuous and accurate measurement of electrolyte concentration is crucial for process control in various chemical industries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the principles and practical details of electrodeless conductivity measurements.
- To highlight the advantages of electrodeless conductivity for fouling environments.
- To discuss key factors affecting measurement accuracy, such as cell diameter, wall effects, and temperature.
Main Methods:
- Utilizes a probe with two proximate toroids, one transmitting an audiofrequency alternating electric field and the other receiving induced currents.
- The induced current is generated by ion movement in a conductive solution loop.
- The probe can be immersed in the solution or mounted externally on insulated pipes.
Main Results:
- Electrodeless conductivity is largely unaffected by coatings like suspensions, precipitates, or oil.
- The method enables continuous measurement of electrolyte concentration.
- Factors such as cell diameter, wall proximity, and temperature influence the measurement and require consideration.
Conclusions:
- Electrodeless conductivity is a robust and reliable technique for measuring electrolyte concentration, particularly in challenging industrial environments.
- Its fouling-resistant nature makes it suitable for continuous monitoring in the chemical processing industries.
- Understanding and accounting for physical parameters are essential for accurate electrodeless conductivity measurements.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Electrical Conductivity
In perfect conductors, the electric field inside is always zero due to the abundance of free electrons, which nullify any field by flowing. As a result, any residual charge resides on the surface.
In a practical conductor, an applied electric field may be sustained, causing a flow of electrons, which produce a current. The differential form of the current, the current density, is related to the electric field.
More generally, it is related to the force per unit charge, which involves the...
In a practical conductor, an applied electric field may be sustained, causing a flow of electrons, which produce a current. The differential form of the current, the current density, is related to the electric field.
More generally, it is related to the force per unit charge, which involves the...
01:29Electrical Transport
The electrical transport property of a material is defined by its resistance and conductivity. Resistance is the measure of a material's ability to resist the flow of electric current, while conductivity gauges its ability to allow the current to pass through, depending on the geometry of the measurement cell, such as electrode spacing and area. Conductivity is measured in Siemens (S). There are different types of conductance, including specific conductance, equivalent conductance, and molar...
01:28Debye–Huckel–Onsager Conductance Equation
The Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation is a cornerstone of physical chemistry, providing a method to determine the molar conductance (Λm) and molar conductance at infinite dilution (Λ°m) for uni-univalent electrolytes.Uni-univalent electrolytes are electrolytes that dissociate in solution to produce one cation with a +1 charge and one anion with a –1 charge per formula unit.This equation addresses two crucial phenomena: the asymmetry effect and the electrophoretic effect. According to this equation,...
01:30Processes at Electrodes
The electrode interacts with ions in the electrolyte solution at its interface. The rate of oxidation and reduction depends on the speed at which electrons can transfer through this interface. As ions attach to or leave the electrode surface, the electrode acquires a charge, and an electrical potential forms across the interface, making the process more difficult to reach equilibrium. The charge on the electrode affects the local ion concentrations in the solution, though thermal motion...
01:30The Electrical Double Layer
In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...
01:19Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes
Reference electrodes serve as a stable reference point for potentiometric measurements, while indicator and working electrodes react to variations in the composition of a solution.
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
An alternative to SHE is the Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). This electrode features an...
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
An alternative to SHE is the Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). This electrode features an...