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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview01:27

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
When irradiated by EMR of a particular wavelength, these...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...

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Atomic Absorbance Spectroscopy to Measure Intracellular Zinc Pools in Mammalian Cells
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Determination of trace elements in reference materials by the k(0)-standardization method (INAA).

M C Freitas1, E Martinho

  • 1LNETI/ICEN-Departamento de Energia e Engenharia Nucleares, 2686 Sacavém Codex, Portugal.

Talanta
|April 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Instrumental neutron activation analysis validated elemental concentrations in four reference materials. The k(0)-standardization method showed good agreement with published data for most elements, though some discrepancies were noted.

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Measuring Cation Transport by Na,K- and H,K-ATPase in Xenopus Oocytes by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry: An Alternative to Radioisotope Assays
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Published on: February 19, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nuclear Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate elemental analysis is crucial for environmental and biological samples.
  • Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is a powerful technique for multi-element determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) to certified and non-certified reference materials.
  • To validate the k(0)-standardization method for elemental analysis.
  • To compare INAA results with existing reference and published data.

Main Methods:

  • Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA).
  • k(0)-standardization method.
  • Analysis of NBS 1573 (Tomato Leaves), NBS 1645 (Citrus Leaves), NBS 1645 (River Sediment), and IAEA MA-A-2 (TM) (Fish Flesh).

Main Results:

  • Good agreement was observed between INAA results and reference values for most elements.
  • Significant discrepancies were found for certain elements, highlighting potential challenges in analysis or data comparison.
  • The k(0)-standardization method proved effective for elemental quantification in diverse matrices.

Conclusions:

  • INAA using the k(0)-method is a reliable technique for elemental analysis in biological and environmental samples.
  • Discrepancies for some elements warrant further investigation into analytical procedures or reference data accuracy.
  • The study validates the utility of INAA for quality control and inter-laboratory comparisons.