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Polyurethane foam extraction of platinum-tin halide complexes.
1Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2.
Talanta
|July 1, 1992
Summary
This study shows polyether foam effectively extracts platinum-tin complexes, with optimized conditions yielding high distribution ratios. The findings suggest a weak-base anion exchange mechanism is key for efficient platinum recovery.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Analytical Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
Background:
- Platinum-tin complexes are crucial in various chemical processes.
- Efficient extraction and recovery methods for these complexes are of significant industrial interest.
- Understanding the sorptive properties of different materials is essential for developing effective separation techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the sorptive capacity of polyether-based foam for platinum-tin(II) chloride complex.
- To compare the extraction efficiencies of platinum-tin(II) bromide and chloride complexes under varying acid concentrations.
- To investigate the influence of alkali metal cations and foam composition on platinum sorption.
- To elucidate the sorption mechanisms for both polyether and polyester foams.
Main Methods:
- Determination of sorptive capacity using platinum-tin(II) chloride complex.
- Extraction efficiency measurements at varying hydrochloric and hydrobromic acid concentrations.
- Optimization of sorption conditions (acid concentration, foam:platinum ratio).
- Analysis of alkali metal cation effects on platinum extraction for different foam types.
- Scatchard plot analysis to understand binding characteristics.
- Evaluation of sorption mechanisms based on experimental results.
Main Results:
- Polyether foam exhibited a sorptive capacity of 0.85-0.92 moles/kg for platinum-tin(II) chloride complex.
- Platinum-tin(II) bromide complex showed higher extraction efficiencies than the chloride complex up to 3.0M acid.
- Optimized sorption at 5.0M hydrochloric acid and 3.0M hydrobromic acid yielded distribution ratios up to 2.0 x 10(5) l./kg.
- Alkali metal cation order for increased platinum extraction in polyether foam was K(+) < Na(+) < Li(+).
- Sorption efficiencies increased with higher poly(ethylene oxide) content in the foam.
- Scatchard analysis indicated a 2:1 ratio of loosely to tightly bound platinum in polyether foam.
Conclusions:
- Polyether foam demonstrates significant potential for platinum-tin complex extraction, particularly under optimized acidic conditions.
- The primary sorption mechanism for polyether foam appears to be weak-base anion exchange.
- Polyester foam exhibits a solvent-like ion-pair sorption mechanism.
- The findings provide valuable insights into the selective recovery of platinum-group metals using polymeric sorbents.
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