Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the aerosol...
Flame Photometry: Overview01:02

Flame Photometry: Overview

Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
Fast Reactions01:27

Fast Reactions

Fast reactions occurring in times shorter than the time needed to mix reactants pose a unique challenge for investigation. In a liquid-phase continuous-flow system, reactants A and B are swiftly pushed into the mixing chamber, where mixing occurs within 1 ms. The reaction mixture then flows through an observation tube, and one measures light absorption to determine species concentrations at various points of the tube. This method is most appropriate when relatively large volumes of reactants...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Ce-doped ZnO upconversion nanoparticles for optical thermometry, antibacterial therapy, and cardiac biomarker detection.

Talanta·2026
Same journal

Chiral plasmonic Cu<sub>2-x</sub>S quantum dots enable chirality-dependent fluorescent recognition of tryptophan enantiomers.

Talanta·2026
Same journal

Autocatalytic DNA cascade circuits via split-triggered recombination for ultrasensitive programmable nucleic acid detection.

Talanta·2026
Same journal

Efficient on-site detection of nitazenes in hair: Integrating MCX pipette-tip solid-phase extraction with miniaturized mass spectrometry.

Talanta·2026
Same journal

In situ eutectic mixture combined with diluted organic acids for a greener ICP-OES elemental analysis of chocolate.

Talanta·2026
Same journal

Nanozyme-catalyzed dual-potential electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for simultaneous detection of CEA and NSE as lung cancer biomarkers.

Talanta·2026
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector
07:57

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

Pulsed fast/thermal neutron analysis: a technique for explosives detection.

G Vourvopoulos1, P C Womble

  • 1Applied Physics Institute, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA.

Talanta
|October 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Pulsed fast/thermal neutron analysis (PFTNA) uses neutron and gamma-ray interactions to identify elemental compositions in materials. This non-intrusive technique detects contraband and explosives by analyzing characteristic gamma-ray

More Related Videos

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
10:33

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Published on: February 20, 2016

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
09:18

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector
07:57

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
10:33

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives

Published on: February 20, 2016

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
09:18

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Contraband materials like explosives and narcotics possess unique elemental compositions.
  • Neutron and gamma-ray technologies offer non-intrusive methods for material interrogation.
  • Elemental analysis is key to differentiating illicit substances from innocuous materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Pulsed Fast/Thermal Neutron Analysis (PFTNA) as a method for elemental detection.
  • To highlight the capability of PFTNA in identifying and quantifying elements in various materials.
  • To demonstrate the application of PFTNA in security and industrial contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing neutron-gamma ray interactions, specifically (n,n'gamma), (n,pgamma), and (n,gamma) reactions.
  • Employing neutrons and gamma-rays for deep material penetration and non-intrusive interrogation.
  • Analyzing characteristic gamma-ray emissions as unique isotopic fingerprints.

Main Results:

  • PFTNA enables the identification and quantification of a wide range of elements.
  • The technique can analyze bulk materials, from small suitcases to large Sea-Land containers.
  • Characteristic gamma-ray spectra serve as definitive identifiers for different isotopes.

Conclusions:

  • PFTNA is an effective technique for elemental analysis and material identification.
  • The non-intrusive nature of PFTNA makes it suitable for security applications, including contraband and explosives detection.
  • Applications extend to bulk material analysis, such as in the coal industry.