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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies
Published on: July 1, 2016
On-line preconcentration and determination of trace metals using a flow injection system coupled to ion
M Radzi Bin Abas1, Ismat Ali Takruni, Zanariah Abdullah
1Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract:
A flow injection (FI) method with on-line preconcentration using a mini-column loaded with 8-hydroxyquinoline immobilized on controlled pore glass (CPG-8HQ) is described for the determination of trace metals by ion chromatography (IC) with pyridine-2-6-dicarboxylic acid (PDCA) as the eluent. Copper, cadmium, lead, zinc, nickel and iron were determined at ppb level after post-column derivatization with 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR). The detection limits (3sigma) for the FI/IC system were 8.27, 0.89, 0.09, 0.06, 0.09 and 0.07 g l(-1) for Pb(2+), Cd(2+), Cu(2+) Ni(2+), Zn(2+) and Fe(3+), respectively, using 5 ml sample volume. The method was applied to the analysis of Malaysian natural waters.
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