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Related Concept Videos

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
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Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
Flame Photometry: Lab01:16

Flame Photometry: Lab

In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection
08:01

Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection

Published on: December 15, 2015

Photometric detection in flow analysis systems using integrated PEDDs.

Martina O' Toole1, King Tong Lau, Dermot Diamond

  • 1Adaptive Information Clusters, National Centre for Sensor Research, School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.

Talanta
|October 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new, low-cost optical sensor uses LEDs for colorimetric flow analysis. This digital system accurately measures light changes, enabling applications like pH determination.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Optical Sensing Technology

Background:

  • Colorimetric analysis traditionally requires complex instrumentation.
  • Developing inexpensive and accessible sensing methods is crucial for broader scientific application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, cost-effective optical-sensing technique for colorimetric flow analysis.
  • To demonstrate the system's utility in determining chemical concentrations and properties, such as pH.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as light source and detector in a reverse-biased configuration.
  • Employed a timer circuit to measure photocurrent-induced capacitance discharge for digital output.
  • Integrated the LED sensing system into an optical flow cell for continuous analysis.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a linear response obeying the Beer-Lambert law during calibration with dye.
  • Investigated and characterized the system's performance regarding flow rate, dynamic range, sensitivity, and detection limits.
  • Successfully applied the technique for pH determination (pH 2.5-6.8) and pK(a) calculation of bromocresol green (BCG).

Conclusions:

  • The developed LED-based optical sensing technique offers an inexpensive and effective method for colorimetric flow analysis.
  • The system demonstrates versatility, suitable for quantitative measurements and chemical property determination like pK(a).
  • This approach provides a simple digital output, enhancing its practicality in various analytical settings.