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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing nebulizer...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview01:27

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
When irradiated by EMR of a particular wavelength, these...
Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which are...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the aerosol...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in a Wide Range of Food Matrices using Hydride Generation - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
08:21

Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in a Wide Range of Food Matrices using Hydride Generation - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.

Published on: September 1, 2017

Trends in selenium determination/speciation by hyphenated techniques based on AAS or AFS.

J L Capelo1, C Fernandez, B Pedras

  • 1REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Monte de Caparica, Portugal.

Talanta
|October 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Selenium speciation analysis is crucial, with chromatography coupled to atomic absorption or fluorescence spectrometry offering a cost-effective solution for routine labs. This study details key parameters and recent advancements in selenium speciation methods.

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Atomic Absorbance Spectroscopy to Measure Intracellular Zinc Pools in Mammalian Cells
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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in a Wide Range of Food Matrices using Hydride Generation - Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
08:21

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Published on: September 1, 2017

Biological Samples Preparation for Speciation at Cryogenic Temperature using High-Resolution X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
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Biological Samples Preparation for Speciation at Cryogenic Temperature using High-Resolution X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy

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Atomic Absorbance Spectroscopy to Measure Intracellular Zinc Pools in Mammalian Cells
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Published on: May 16, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Selenium speciation analysis is a long-standing field with increasing research interest.
  • Advanced mass spectrometry techniques are effective but costly for selenium determination.
  • Chromatography hyphenated with atomic absorption or fluorescence spectrometry (AAS/AFS) provides a reliable, low-cost alternative for routine analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present critical parameters for selenium speciation.
  • To highlight recent trends in selenium speciation techniques.
  • To focus on sample treatment and hyphenation with AAS/AFS detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and emerging selenium speciation methodologies.
  • Discussion of chromatographic separation techniques.
  • Integration of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) for detection.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key parameters influencing selenium speciation accuracy.
  • Overview of current trends in sample preparation for selenium analysis.
  • Evaluation of hyphenated AAS/AFS techniques for routine selenium speciation.

Conclusions:

  • Chromatography coupled with AAS/AFS remains a viable and economical approach for selenium speciation.
  • Advancements in sample treatment and hyphenation techniques enhance the utility of these methods.
  • The presented information aids routine laboratories in performing accurate selenium speciation.