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Related Concept Videos

Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Gallbladder01:17

Gallbladder

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins the common...
Abdominal Regions and Quadrants01:19

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four quadrants...
Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
Gross Anatomy of the Liver01:17

Gross Anatomy of the Liver

The liver, the largest gland within the human body, is a firm and reddish-brown organ. This wedge-shaped structure weighs approximately 1.5 kg and occupies a significant portion of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions. It extends more to the right of the body's midline than to the left.
Located under the diaphragm, the liver is almost entirely ensconced within the rib cage, providing it with substantial protection. Except for the superior most bare area, the liver's surface is covered...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Gastric Point of Care Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation
05:50

Gastric Point of Care Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Published on: September 22, 2023

Extraabdominal malposition of the gallbladder.

Ibrahim Alkatout1, Tobias Henopp, Jörg Detlev Moritz

  • 1Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany. ibrahim.alkatout@web.de

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|October 31, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study reports a rare case of an ectopic gallbladder in a newborn, an extraabdominal malposition not previously described. Early identification and surgical removal are recommended for such congenital gallbladder anomalies.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Gastric Point of Care Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation
05:50

Gastric Point of Care Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

Published on: September 22, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Congenital anomalies of the biliary system, including the gallbladder and bile ducts, are uncommon.
  • Many biliary anomalies are asymptomatic and difficult to diagnose preoperatively.
  • Variations in gallbladder position, shape, and number are known but rare.

Observation:

  • A newborn presented with an extraabdominal gallbladder malposition, lacking an orthotopic gallbladder.
  • Ultrasonography showed a cystic structure connected to the liver's interior surface with associated blood vessels.
  • Exploratory laparotomy was performed due to unclear lesion nature.

Findings:

  • Histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of an ectopic gallbladder.
  • This represents a previously undescribed extraabdominal malposition of the gallbladder.
  • Ectopic gallbladders are a rare congenital anomaly.

Implications:

  • Awareness of ectopic gallbladder is crucial for diagnosing atypical cystic lesions in unusual locations.
  • Abnormally positioned gallbladders require surgical removal.
  • Understanding gallbladder malformations aids in diagnosing unclear cases and managing congenital biliary anomalies.