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Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Published on: May 10, 2022

CD226 Gly307Ser association with multiple autoimmune diseases.

J P Hafler¹, L M Maier, J D Cooper

¹Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation/Wellcome Trust Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. jason.hafler@cimr.cam.ac.uk

Genes and Immunity

|October 31, 2008

Summary

The CD226 gene variant rs763361/Gly307Ser is strongly associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility. This immune gene variant also shows evidence of association with multiple sclerosis (MS), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

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Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Published on: May 10, 2022

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Published on: June 23, 2014

Area of Science:

Immunogenetics
Human Genetics
Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify genes and pathways for complex diseases.
Shared variants among autoimmune disorders suggest common etiological mechanisms.
Previous work linked CD226 SNP rs763361/Gly307Ser to type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the causal variant for T1D susceptibility within the CD226 gene.
To investigate the association of CD226 variants with other autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Main Methods:

Exonic resequencing and tag SNP mapping of the 18q22 region.
Analysis of newly available samples for T1D, AITD, MS, and RA.
Statistical association testing for the rs763361/Gly307Ser polymorphism.

Main Results:

Strong support for the association of the Ser(307) allele of rs763361 with T1D (P=3.46 x 10(-9)).
Evidence for association of Gly307Ser with MS (P=4.20 x 10(-4)) and RA (P=0.017).
Continued potential evidence for association with AITD (P=0.0345).

Conclusions:

The Ser(307) allele of rs763361 in CD226 predisposes individuals to T1D and MS.
This variant may also contribute to AITD and RA susceptibility.
rs763361 is a potential causal variant for these autoimmune conditions.