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In vivo Near Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) Intravascular Molecular Imaging of Inflammatory Plaque, a Multimodal Approach to Imaging of Atherosclerosis

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Near-infrared spectroscopy for plaque characterization.

Sergio Waxman¹

¹Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts 01805, USA. Sergio.Waxman@lahey.org

Journal of Interventional Cardiology

|November 1, 2008

Summary

A new near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy system detects lipid-rich plaques in arteries. This technology shows promise for safe and effective in vivo diagnosis during cardiac motion.

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular research
Medical spectroscopy
Biomedical engineering

Background:

Lipid-rich plaques are a key indicator of atherosclerosis and increase cardiovascular risk.
Current diagnostic methods for intracoronary plaque characterization are limited.
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy offers a potential non-invasive method for plaque detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a catheter-based NIR spectroscopy system for intracoronary detection of lipid-rich plaques.
To assess the safety and feasibility of the NIR system in a clinical setting.
To demonstrate the spectral similarity between in vivo and ex vivo data for algorithm applicability.

Main Methods:

Development of a catheter-based NIR spectroscopy system.

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Validation of a lipid-rich plaque chemometric algorithm using ex vivo coronary artery specimens.

Conducting a parallel clinical study to evaluate system safety and in vivo spectral acquisition.

Comparing in vivo spectra from patients with ex vivo data from autopsy specimens.

Main Results:

The NIR spectroscopy system demonstrated capability for scanning arteries through blood and during cardiac motion.
The lipid-rich plaque chemometric algorithm was successfully validated in an ex vivo study.
A parallel clinical study confirmed the safety of the system in patients.
Preliminary analysis indicated promising results for in vivo spectral similarity.

Conclusions:

The developed catheter-based NIR spectroscopy system shows potential for intracoronary detection of lipid-rich plaques.
The system is safe for use in patients and capable of acquiring spectra during cardiac motion.
Demonstrated spectral similarity supports the applicability of the NIR algorithm for in vivo clinical use.
Further results from the ongoing clinical study will be published to discuss the device's clinical value.