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DNA typing and genetic mapping with trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeats
A Edwards1, A Civitello, H A Hammond
1Institute for Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.
American Journal of Human Genetics
|October 1, 1991
Summary
Short tandem repeats (STRs) are highly polymorphic markers useful for DNA typing and genetic mapping. This study details a multiplex PCR method for personal identification using STRs, achieving a high individualization potential.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Tandemly reiterated sequences, specifically short tandem repeats (STRs), are valuable polymorphic markers.
- STRs are crucial for genetic linkage, mapping, and personal identification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate human trimeric and tetrameric STRs for informativeness, frequency, distribution, and suitability for DNA typing and genetic mapping.
- To describe a STR-based multiplex PCR method for personal identification.
Main Methods:
- Studied informativeness, frequency, and distribution of human trimeric and tetrameric STRs.
- Developed and described a multiplex PCR method with fluorescent detection for simultaneous analysis of independent STR loci.
- Analyzed allele frequencies in four U.S. populations.
- Developed a method for rapid localization and sequencing of STRs.
Main Results:
- STRs are highly polymorphic and stably inherited.
- The described multiplex PCR method, using three STR loci, has a combined individualization potential of 1/500 individuals.
- Polymorphic STRs are frequent (1 locus/20 kb) and can be mapped genetically and physically.
- A rapid method for identifying polymorphic STR loci was developed.
Conclusions:
- STR markers are highly informative and suitable for DNA typing and genetic mapping.
- The developed multiplex PCR method offers efficient personal identification.
- STRs are valuable sequence tagged sites (STSs) for the human genome initiative.