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Gestational diabetes mellitus in 13 dogs
T Fall1, S Johansson Kreuger, A Juberget
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. tove.fall@kv.slu.se
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|November 4, 2008
Summary
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in dogs primarily affects middle-aged Nordic Spitz breeds in late pregnancy. This condition often resolves shortly after whelping, but can lead to complications and increased puppy mortality.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Canine Reproduction
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in dogs is poorly documented.
- Limited information exists regarding its clinical presentation, prognosis, and risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the clinical features of gestational diabetes mellitus in dogs.
- To identify potential breed predispositions and outcomes associated with canine GDM.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for thirteen dogs diagnosed with GDM.
- Follow-up information obtained through owner and veterinarian contact.
Main Results:
- Nordic Spitz breeds were overrepresented (11/13 dogs).
- Diagnosis occurred mid-pregnancy (median 50 days post-mating) with high glucose levels (median 340 mg/dL).
- Outcomes varied, including termination, insulin treatment with poor glycemic control, and spontaneous resolution post-whelping.
Conclusions:
- GDM in dogs predominantly affects middle-aged Nordic Spitz breeds during the second half of pregnancy.
- The condition may resolve shortly after parturition.
- Further research is required for optimal treatment strategies and understanding risk factors for adverse outcomes, including increased puppy mortality.
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