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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Culture and Co-Culture of Mouse Ovaries and Ovarian Follicles
10:41

Culture and Co-Culture of Mouse Ovaries and Ovarian Follicles

Published on: March 17, 2015

Lactoferrin is associated with a decrease in oocyte depletion in mice receiving cyclophosphamide.

Yuka Horiuchi1, Toshihiro Higuchi, Keiji Tatsumi

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Fertility and Sterility
|November 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lactoferrin administration helped prevent ovarian damage and follicle depletion caused by chemotherapy in mice. This suggests lactoferrin can protect against chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure and aid in ovulation recovery.

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Published on: September 3, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy, particularly cyclophosphamide (CPM), can cause significant ovarian damage, leading to infertility.
  • Identifying molecular regulators of this damage is crucial for developing protective strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel molecules involved in chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage.
  • To investigate the protective effects of lactoferrin against cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized complementary DNA microarray analysis to identify gene expression changes in ovaries after CPM treatment.
  • Administered bovine lactoferrin orally to CPM-treated mice.
  • Evaluated ovarian protection using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and histomorphometric analyses.

Main Results:

  • Microarray analysis identified key genes affected by CPM, including the lactoferrin gene.
  • Lactoferrin treatment prevented the down-regulation of the ovulation-related gene Adamts1.
  • Lactoferrin partially recovered follicle depletion in CPM-treated mouse ovaries.

Conclusions:

  • Lactoferrin demonstrates a protective effect against chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage in mice.
  • Lactoferrin administration may help preserve ovarian function and fertility following chemotherapy.