Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and produces two-second...
Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed by second messengers present in the cell cytoplasm. There are several second messenger pathways, each with its own way of relaying information. For example, the G protein-coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol pathway is active when the receptor induces...
What are Second Messengers?01:12

What are Second Messengers?

Because many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic, they do not cross the cell membrane and thus their message must be relayed to a second messenger on the inside. There are several second messenger pathways, each with their own way of relaying information. G-protein coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol path is active when the receptor induces phospholipase C to hydrolyze the phospholipid,...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Overview
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

AlphaFold-driven discovery of oxysterol-binding protein-related protein-phosphoinositide 3-, 4-, and 5-phosphatase interactions using new generation confidence scores.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society·2026
Same author

Targeted recruitment of USP15 enhances CTLA4 surface levels and restricts its degradation.

Life science alliance·2026
Same author

Pexophagy meets physiology.

The Journal of cell biology·2025
Same author

Proteostasis of immune checkpoint receptors.

The Biochemical journal·2025
Same author

A long-lived pool of PINK1 imparts a molecular memory of depolarization-induced activity.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Diverse routes to mitophagy governed by ubiquitylation and mitochondrial import.

Trends in cell biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
08:07

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

Phosphoinositides and the endocytic pathway.

Michael J Clague1, Sylvie Urbé, Jane de Lartigue

  • 1Physiological Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Liverpool L693BX, UK. clague@liv.ac.uk

Experimental Cell Research
|November 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphoinositides, like phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate, are crucial signaling lipids regulating the endocytic pathway. Enzymes controlling their generation and turnover define cellular compartments and molecule recruitment.

More Related Videos

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
08:07

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 26, 2019

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
10:52

Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

Published on: January 6, 2016

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
07:26

Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes

Published on: October 15, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Phosphatidylinositol (PI) headgroup phosphorylation generates seven phosphoinositides.
  • Specific phosphoinositides, including phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2), phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P), and phosphatidylinositol (3,5)-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2), play key roles in the endocytic pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the enzymes responsible for the generation and turnover of key phosphoinositides involved in endocytosis.
  • To highlight the role of these lipids in defining endocytic compartment identity and material flux.
  • To explain how enzymatic lipid generation acts as an amplification mechanism for effector molecule recruitment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of enzymatic pathways and phosphoinositide roles.
  • Analysis of established roles in endocytic trafficking.
  • Discussion of enzyme kinetics and effector recruitment mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Identified key phosphoinositides (PtdIns(4,5)P2, PtdIns3P, PtdIns(3,5)P2) with established endocytic functions.
  • Detailed the enzymes governing the synthesis and degradation of these critical lipids.
  • Emphasized the role of these enzymes in establishing endosomal identity and regulating cargo transport.

Conclusions:

  • Enzymatic regulation of phosphoinositide metabolism is central to endocytic pathway function.
  • These lipids act as crucial determinants of cellular compartmental identity.
  • Lipid generation by enzymes amplifies signaling, recruiting diverse effector molecules to the endocytic system.