Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice
06:07

Oral Combinational Antiretroviral Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Humanized Mice

Published on: October 6, 2022

Nutritional recovery in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children with severe acute malnutrition

P Fergusson1, J Chinkhumba, C Grijalva-Eternod

  • 1Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Disease Control Group, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK. pamela.fergusson@gmail.com

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|November 4, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Severely malnourished children with HIV face higher mortality. However, survivors achieve similar nutritional recovery and growth compared to those without HIV, indicating effective rehabilitation strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children is a critical global health issue.
  • The impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) on nutritional recovery and survival in SAM children requires further investigation.
  • Limited data exists on the long-term outcomes of nutritional rehabilitation for HIV-infected children with SAM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare nutritional recovery, survival, and growth in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected children with SAM.
  • To evaluate outcomes during inpatient nutrition rehabilitation and a 4-month follow-up period.
  • To inform clinical practice and public health strategies for managing SAM in vulnerable populations.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study was conducted in the Lilongwe district of Malawi.
  • 454 children with SAM were assessed, with data collected on HIV status, nutritional parameters, and survival.
  • Weight gain and anthropometric measurements (weight-for-height z-scores, skinfolds) were the primary outcome measures.

Main Results:

  • 17.4% of children with SAM were HIV-infected; none were on antiretroviral therapy at admission.
  • Mortality was significantly higher in HIV-infected children (35.4%) compared to HIV-uninfected children (10.4%).
  • Among survivors, nutritional recovery, weight gain, and anthropometric improvements were similar between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected children with SAM exhibit substantially higher mortality rates.
  • Nutritional recovery and growth outcomes are comparable for surviving HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children after rehabilitation.
  • Effective nutrition rehabilitation strategies can lead to successful recovery in HIV-infected children who survive SAM.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models09:54

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...