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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library
08:40

Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library

Published on: April 6, 2012

Detecting microRNA binding and siRNA off-target effects from expression data.

Stijn van Dongen1, Cei Abreu-Goodger, Anton J Enright

  • 1Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.

Nature Methods
|November 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Sylamer identifies microRNA and small interfering RNA off-target effects in gene 3' untranslated regions. This method uses a ranked gene list to detect occurrence biases, offering a fast and accurate approach for RNA interference studies.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library
08:40

Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library

Published on: April 6, 2012

Biotin-based Pulldown Assay to Validate mRNA Targets of Cellular miRNAs
11:00

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Published on: June 12, 2018

Detection of miRNA Targets in High-throughput Using the 3'LIFE Assay
12:49

Detection of miRNA Targets in High-throughput Using the 3'LIFE Assay

Published on: May 25, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • MicroRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) are crucial for gene regulation.
  • Identifying off-target effects is essential for understanding RNA interference (RNAi) experiments.
  • Current methods may lack efficiency or accuracy in detecting these off-target signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Sylamer, a novel computational method for detecting miRNA and siRNA off-target signals.
  • To analyze occurrence biases of sequence elements within 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of ranked gene lists.
  • To provide a tool that enhances the speed and accuracy of off-target effect analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Sylamer processes ranked gene lists derived from miRNA perturbation or RNA interference experiments.
  • It analyzes the 3' UTRs for sequence element enrichment using hypergeometric P-values.
  • The method generates a landscape plot visualizing occurrence biases across the gene ranking.

Main Results:

  • Sylamer effectively detects sequence element biases indicative of off-target effects.
  • The landscape plot provides a clear visualization of these biases.
  • The method demonstrated utility, speed, and accuracy across multiple test datasets.

Conclusions:

  • Sylamer is a valuable tool for identifying miRNA and siRNA off-target effects.
  • The method offers an efficient and accurate approach for analyzing RNAi experiments.
  • Sylamer aids in the interpretation of gene expression data following miRNA or siRNA perturbations.