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RNA Structure

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...

RNA Structure

RNA Structure

The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...

RNA Structure

RNA Structure

Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...

RNA-seq

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases.
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...

Genome Annotation and Assembly

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

RNA Editing

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing (RIPiT-Seq)

Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing (RIPiT-Seq)

Published on: July 10, 2019

Informatic resources for identifying and annotating structural RNA motifs.

Ajish D George¹, Scott A Tenenbaum

¹Gen*NY*Sis Center for Excellence in Cancer Genomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany-SUNY, 1 Discovery Drive, Room 220, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.

Molecular Biotechnology

|November 4, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Discovering functional RNA structural motifs is key to understanding post-transcriptional gene regulation. This study surveys informatics resources vital for identifying these conserved RNA structures, advancing cellular process knowledge.

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Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing (RIPiT-Seq)

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Published on: April 26, 2013

Area of Science:

Genomics and Molecular Biology
Bioinformatics and Computational Biology

Background:

Post-transcriptional gene regulation is crucial for cellular functions but less understood than transcriptional regulation.
Functional RNA elements, including messenger RNA (mRNA) motifs and non-coding RNAs, play significant roles.
RNA elements exhibit conserved structures, unlike protein-coding genes where sequences are typically conserved.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of structural RNA motif discovery in post-transcriptional regulation.
To survey existing informatics resources available for identifying structural RNA motifs.
To address the limitations in characterizing these motifs for a deeper genomic understanding.

Main Methods:

Literature review and analysis of bioinformatics tools and databases.
Categorization of informatics resources based on their utility in structural RNA motif discovery.
Assessment of the current landscape of tools for RNA structure analysis.

Main Results:

Identification of various informatics resources applicable to structural RNA motif discovery.
Characterization of the types of RNA elements and their conserved structural features.
Emphasis on the critical role of structure, rather than sequence, in RNA element conservation.

Conclusions:

Structural RNA motif discovery is a critical bottleneck in understanding post-transcriptional regulation.
A comprehensive survey of informatics resources is essential for researchers in this field.
Further development and utilization of these resources will advance the study of genomic regulation.