Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch
Channels of Non-Verbal Communication
Therapeutic Communication
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Current Trends in Nursing II
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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Using Facial Electromyography to Assess Facial Muscle Reactions to Experienced and Observed Affective Touch in Humans
Published on: March 15, 2019
Andréa Basílio Dias1, Leonor Oliveira, Denise Gamio Dias
1Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Nurses perceive affective touch as crucial for empathy but primarily use it during invasive procedures. This subjective care element is underutilized despite its potential for enhancing patient connection.
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