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The secondary correction of post-traumatic craniofacial deformities
Mario J Imola1, Yadranko Ducic, Robert T Adelson
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA.
Summary
Secondary correction of post-traumatic craniofacial deformities (PTCD) yields good aesthetic outcomes. However, soft tissue deficits remain challenging, impacting overall results in PTCD patients.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Craniofacial Surgery
- Reconstructive Surgery
Background:
- Post-traumatic craniofacial deformities (PTCD) present complex aesthetic and functional challenges.
- Secondary correction aims to restore form and function after initial trauma and treatment.
- Large series analysis is crucial for understanding outcomes and refining treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate aesthetic and functional results of secondary correction for PTCD.
- To identify principles guiding treatment of PTCD.
- To develop evidence-based guidelines for PTCD management.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series of 57 patients undergoing secondary correction of PTCD.
- Evaluation by multiple surgeons assessing aesthetic and functional parameters.
- Analysis of factors influencing outcomes, including deformity type and chronicity.
Main Results:
- Majority of patients achieved good to excellent aesthetic outcomes.
- Traumatic telecanthus, enophthalmos, and occlusal deformities were most resistant to correction.
- Severity, number of pre-existing abnormalities, and chronicity of deformities negatively impacted aesthetic results.
Conclusions:
- Primary osseous reconstruction is key to restoring craniofacial architecture.
- Ancillary procedures address residual soft tissue deficits and functional issues.
- Soft tissue deformity is the primary obstacle to ideal outcomes in PTCD correction.
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