Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 15: Skeletal anchorage

For many years, orthodontists have searched for a form of anchorage that does not rely on patient cooperation, although the answer already lay in the implants dentists used to replace missing teeth and oral surgeons used to hold bone segments together. Now these divergent lines have come together in the form of stationary anchorage, and titanium is the most biocompatible material. State-of-the-art miniscrews and microscrews--temporary anchorage devices--now permit movements hitherto thought difficult or impossible. This article continues the series last published in April 2007.