Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those diagnosed.
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin studies.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Personality Heterogeneity Shapes the Neural Organization of Conditioned Threat Learning.

Research square·2026
Same author

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Dementia Risk in Patients With Psychiatric Disorders.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Dissociable Thalamocortical Circuit Disruptions During Contextual Fear Renewal in PTSD.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

The progesterone to estradiol ratio predicts fear extinction in mice and humans.

Neurobiology of stress·2026
Same author

Impaired Hippocampal Circuitry and Memory Dysfunction in Schizophrenia.

Nature. Mental health·2026
Same author

Brain age prediction in generalized anxiety disorder using a convolutional neural network.

Translational psychiatry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

Extinction memory is impaired in schizophrenia.

Daphne J Holt1, Kelimer Lebron-Milad, Mohammed R Milad

  • 1Psychiatric Neuroimaging Research Program, Psychiatry Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, USA. dholt@partners.org

Biological Psychiatry
|November 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show normal fear extinction learning but impaired recall of that memory. This suggests emotional memory processing is disturbed in schizophrenia, impacting emotional and social cognition.

More Related Videos

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
08:05

A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is linked to emotional and social processing deficits.
  • These deficits may stem from impaired emotional learning and memory mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate emotional learning and memory in schizophrenia.
  • Measure fear conditioning, extinction, and recall in patients and controls.

Main Methods:

  • 2-day fear conditioning, extinction, and recall procedure.
  • Used skin conductance response (SCR) to measure conditioned responses.
  • Compared 28 schizophrenia patients with 18 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients showed intact fear extinction learning.
  • Patients exhibited significant impairment in context-dependent extinction memory recall.
  • Delusion severity correlated with baseline arousal (skin conductance).

Conclusions:

  • Schizophrenia involves disrupted neural processes for emotional memory.
  • Deficient extinction recall, despite intact learning, points to specific memory disturbances.
  • Findings align with heightened responses to stimuli and arousal in psychosis.