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Related Concept Videos

Catenins01:23

Catenins

Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions01:26

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin homology) domains...
Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

Calmodulin-dependent Signaling

Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
The Ca2+-CaM complex does not have enzymatic activity by itself. Instead, the complex binds downstream target proteins, including membrane proteins or enzymes,...
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Reconstitution Of β-catenin Degradation In Xenopus Egg Extract
09:41

Reconstitution Of β-catenin Degradation In Xenopus Egg Extract

Published on: June 17, 2014

PCAF acetylates {beta}-catenin and improves its stability.

Xinjian Ge1, Qihuang Jin, Fang Zhang

  • 1Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
|November 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) acetylates beta-catenin, enhancing its stability and transcriptional activity. Targeting PCAF may offer new therapies for beta-catenin-driven cancers like colon cancer.

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Reconstitution Of β-catenin Degradation In Xenopus Egg Extract
09:41

Reconstitution Of β-catenin Degradation In Xenopus Egg Extract

Published on: June 17, 2014

The Soft Agar Colony Formation Assay
08:01

The Soft Agar Colony Formation Assay

Published on: October 27, 2014

Assays for Validating Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitors
09:11

Assays for Validating Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitors

Published on: August 6, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Beta-catenin is crucial in development and cancer.
  • The role of p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) in beta-catenin signaling is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of PCAF on beta-catenin signaling.
  • To determine if PCAF can be a therapeutic target for beta-catenin-driven diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated PCAF's effect on beta-catenin transcriptional activity, nuclear translocation, and protein levels.
  • Utilized co-immunoprecipitation and Western blotting to confirm direct binding and acetylation of beta-catenin by PCAF.
  • Performed site-directed mutagenesis on key ubiquitination sites (Lys-19 and Lys-49) of beta-catenin.
  • Conducted PCAF knockdown experiments in colon cancer cells and assessed effects on beta-catenin, cell differentiation, migration, and tumor growth in vivo.

Main Results:

  • PCAF enhances beta-catenin transcriptional activity, nuclear translocation, and protein stability by inhibiting ubiquitination.
  • PCAF directly binds to and acetylates beta-catenin at Lys-19 and Lys-49, critical for stabilization.
  • PCAF knockdown in colon cancer cells reduced beta-catenin levels, promoted differentiation, inhibited migration, and repressed tumor growth in mice.

Conclusions:

  • PCAF acetylates beta-catenin, regulating its stability and impacting colon cancer progression.
  • PCAF represents a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer and other beta-catenin-driven diseases.