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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation

Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation

Published on: May 2, 2020

A tear-free, SPF50 sunscreen product.

X Sherwin Yan¹, Grace Riccardi, Margaret Meola

¹Research & Development Technical Center, Energizer Personal Care Division, New Jersey 07401, USA.

Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology

|November 7, 2008

Summary

A new sunscreen formula with sun protection factor 50 (SPF50) was developed. This tear-free formulation is safe and non-irritating for skin and eyes, offering effective protection against solar radiation.

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Ophthalmology
Cosmetic Science

Background:

Sunscreen efficacy and safety are paramount, particularly for sensitive skin and eyes.
Children require specialized sun protection due to their delicate skin and eyes.
Minimizing irritation potential is a key challenge in sunscreen formulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel water-in-oil emulsion sunscreen with SPF50.
To ensure the formulation is safe and non-irritating to skin and eyes.
To create a tear-free sunscreen suitable for pediatric use.

Main Methods:

Formulation of a unique water-in-oil emulsion sunscreen.
Careful selection of ingredients, active combinations, preservatives, and exclusion of fragrance.
Evaluation of ocular irritation using the Draize test and human eye instillation studies.

Main Results:

The developed SPF50 sunscreen formulation demonstrated non-irritating properties.
Estimated Draize ocular scores were 0.0 for lotion and 3.6 for spray lotion.
Human eye studies showed no eyelid inflammation, lacrimation, or conjunctival irritation.

Conclusions:

A novel, tear-free SPF50 sunscreen formulation has been successfully developed.
The formulation is safe and non-irritating to both skin and eyes.
This product offers effective protection against ultraviolet radiation with minimized irritation potential.