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Lipreading in the prelingually deaf: what makes a skilled speechreader?

Isabel de los Reyes Rodríguez Ortiz¹

¹Universidad de Sevilla , Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Facultad de Psicologia, Sevilla, Spain. ireyes@us.es

The Spanish Journal of Psychology

|November 8, 2008

Summary

Proficient deaf lipreaders demonstrate higher intelligence and clearer speech. This study explored factors influencing lipreading skills in hearing-impaired Spanish Sign Language users.

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Area of Science:

Audiology
Linguistics
Cognitive Science

Background:

Investigating lipreading (speechreading) in hearing-impaired individuals is crucial for communication.
Understanding factors influencing lipreading proficiency can enhance educational and rehabilitative strategies.
Spanish Sign Language (SSL) users represent a unique population for studying visual communication skills.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the relationship between lipreading ability and various factors in hearing-impaired individuals.
To identify predictors of successful lipreading among users of Spanish Sign Language (SSL).
To determine if intelligence and speech intelligibility correlate with lipreading skills.

Main Methods:

Participants: 32 individuals with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss, aged 14-47, all proficient in Spanish Sign Language (SSL).
Lipreading assessment: Identification of isolated words presented by a single speaker, with responses chosen from four labeled pictures.
Statistical analysis: Correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed to identify significant relationships.

Main Results:

Lipreading proficiency showed a significant positive correlation with intelligence.
Lipreading ability was also significantly correlated with the intelligibility of participants' spoken language.
Multiple regression analysis identified intelligence and intelligibility as key predictors of lipreading success.

Conclusions:

Higher intelligence is associated with better lipreading skills in this cohort.
Improved speech clarity (intelligibility) is linked to enhanced lipreading performance.
These findings suggest that cognitive abilities and oral communication clarity are important components of effective lipreading for deaf individuals.