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High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay

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Systemic PCD occurs in TMV-tomato interaction.

ShuMin Zhou¹, WenNa Liu, LinAn Kong

¹College of Biological Sciences, China Agriculture University, Beijing, 100094, China. smzhou79@gmail.com

Science in China. Series C, Life Sciences

|November 8, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Localized tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection in tomatoes induced systemic programmed cell death (PCD) in uninoculated tissues, even without virus spread. This PCD differs from hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR).

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Area of Science:

Plant Pathology
Plant Physiology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a key plant defense mechanism during hypersensitive response (HR) against pathogens.
The role and characteristics of PCD in systemic acquired resistance (SAR) remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the induction and characteristics of cell death in systemically uninoculated parts of tomato plants following localized tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection.
To differentiate this induced cell death from known hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) related cell death.

Main Methods:

Localized TMV infection in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Jiafen 16) leaves.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect TMV spread.
Biological and molecular characterization of cell death, including chromatin condensation, TUNEL labeling, DNA fragmentation (DNA laddering), organelle disruption, and membrane integrity assays.

Main Results:

Localized TMV infection induced cell death in uninoculated tissues (root-tips, stem-apices, leaves) without detectable virus spread.
Characterization revealed hallmarks of PCD: condensed chromatin, TUNEL-positive nuclei, DNA laddering, disrupted mitochondria and chloroplasts, and membrane degradation.
The initiation and synchronization of this systemic PCD varied across different tissues.

Conclusions:

Local TMV infection can trigger systemic programmed cell death (PCD) in tomato plants, independent of virus translocation.
The observed systemic PCD exhibits distinct characteristics and induction mechanisms compared to HR-PCD and SAR.
This finding expands our understanding of plant immune responses and PCD signaling pathways.