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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

Ancestral Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes in India: implications for TB control programmes.

Niyaz Ahmed1, Nasreen Z Ehtesham, Seyed E Hasnain

  • 1Pathogen Evolution Laboratory, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Nacharam, Hyderabad, India.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
|November 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Genomic insights reveal Mycobacterium tuberculosis ancestral strains dominate India, contributing to improving TB cure rates. However, rising HIV and diabetes may fuel more aggressive strains, posing future healthcare challenges.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health burden in high-incidence countries like India.
  • Genomic technologies have advanced, but their application in TB control in India is limited.
  • Despite rising Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and diabetes mellitus cases, TB cure rates in India have improved under the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) program.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genotypic landscape of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in India.
  • To explore the implications of prevalent M. tuberculosis strains on TB control strategies.
  • To assess the potential impact of co-existing epidemics (HIV, diabetes) on future TB dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Genotypic analysis of tubercle bacilli.
  • Review of epidemiological data on TB, HIV, and diabetes in India.
  • Comparative assessment of M. tuberculosis strain virulence and dissemination potential.

Main Results:

  • A predominance of ancestral M. tuberculosis strains has been identified in India.
  • These ancestral strains are speculated to have lower virulence and dissemination potential compared to modern strains.
  • Paradoxically, TB cure rates have improved despite increasing HIV and diabetes prevalence.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of ancestral M. tuberculosis strains may contribute to current TB control successes in India.
  • Future TB control in India faces significant challenges due to the potential rise of more aggressive strains, exacerbated by HIV and diabetes epidemics.
  • Genomic surveillance and tailored control strategies are crucial for addressing the evolving TB landscape in India.