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Related Concept Videos

The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip
10:45

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip

Published on: March 20, 2021

Enzymatically active colloidal crystal arrays.

Aimin Yu1, Zhijian Liang

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Australia. a.yu@murdoch.edu.au

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|November 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

We developed 3D colloidal crystal arrays (CCA) and hollow colloidal crystal arrays (HCCA) for enzyme immobilization. These structures significantly enhance peroxidase (POD) loading and activity compared to flat surfaces.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • High surface area materials are crucial for efficient enzyme immobilization.
  • Colloidal crystals offer unique 3D porous architectures.
  • Polyelectrolyte coatings enhance particle interactions and surface properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct 3D colloidal crystal arrays (CCA) and hollow colloidal crystal arrays (HCCA).
  • To evaluate their potential as high surface area platforms for immobilizing peroxidase (POD).
  • To compare the enzyme loading and activity of CCA and HCCA with flat substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Self-assembly of polyelectrolytes (PE)-coated polystyrene (PS) particles.
  • Fabrication of 3D colloidal crystal arrays (CCA) and hollow colloidal crystal arrays (HCCA).

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  • Enzyme loading experiments and activity assays for immobilized peroxidase (POD).

    • Main Results:

    • CCA and HCCA demonstrated significantly higher enzyme loading (43x and 53x) and bioactivity (35x and 41x) than flat substrates.
    • Enzyme loading and activity increased linearly with CCA thickness up to 10 µm.
    • Hollow colloidal crystal arrays (HCCA) showed ~30% greater POD loading than CCA under salt conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • 3D CCA and HCCA are effective high surface area scaffolds for enzyme immobilization.
    • The porous and hierarchical structure of these arrays enhances enzyme loading and activity.
    • HCCA offers superior enzyme loading capacity due to its internal void space.