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Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...

The Cell Cycle Control System

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...

The Cell Cycle Control System

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Extended Live Imaging of Female Drosophila melanogaster Germline Stem Cell Niches

Extended Live Imaging of Female Drosophila melanogaster Germline Stem Cell Niches

Published on: December 20, 2024

Proliferative control in Drosophila stem cells.

Alexander Kohlmaier¹, Bruce A Edgar

¹Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Basic Sciences, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology

|November 11, 2008

Summary

Understanding animal stem cell growth and division is key. Studies reveal mutations, microRNAs, and biosynthesis control stem cell self-renewal and proliferation, impacting cell cycle exit.

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Extended Live Imaging of Female Drosophila melanogaster Germline Stem Cell Niches

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Cell Biology
Genetics

Background:

The interplay between cell growth and division in animal stem cells remains largely unexplored.
Recent advancements in Drosophila stem cell research offer novel tools to investigate this relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms governing cell growth and division in animal stem cells.
To understand how unrestricted self-renewal capacity is controlled in stem cell populations.

Main Methods:

Analysis of mutations in genes such as brat, mei-P26, pros, bam, lethal giant larvae, and polo in Drosophila stem cells.
Investigation of the role of microRNAs in regulating stem cell division rate and identity.
Assessment of biosynthetic capacity as a limiting factor for stem cell division.

Main Results:

Specific mutations lead to tumorous overproliferation of progenitor cells, highlighting control mechanisms for self-renewal.
MicroRNAs are identified as crucial regulators of stem cell division rate and identity, linking self-renewal to protein translational control.
Biosynthetic capacity is a limiting factor for stem cell division rates.
Asymmetric cell division can induce differentiation signals in daughter cells, inhibiting stem cell proliferation and promoting cell cycle exit.

Conclusions:

Stem cell self-renewal is tightly regulated by genetic mutations, microRNAs, and biosynthetic capacity.
Protein translational control and asymmetric cell division play critical roles in maintaining stem cell identity and controlling proliferation.
These findings provide insights into the fundamental processes governing stem cell behavior and potential implications for regenerative medicine and cancer research.