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Characterisation of left ventricular function by tissue Doppler imaging technique in newly diagnosed, untreated
Adedeji K Adebayo1, Olulola O Oladapo, Adewole A Adebiyi
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. akbayo53972@yahoo.com
Insights
Tissue Doppler echocardiography detects early diastolic dysfunction in untreated African hypertensive patients. This method may also reveal subtle systolic function changes in hypertensive heart disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
- Hypertension Research
Background:
- Hypertension causes significant cardiac structural and functional changes.
- Early detection of cardiac abnormalities is crucial for managing hypertensive patients.
- This study focuses on untreated native Black African hypertensive subjects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effectiveness of tissue Doppler echocardiography.
- To characterize diastolic and systolic functions in hypertensive individuals.
- To evaluate early cardiac changes in untreated native African hypertensives.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 40 newly diagnosed, untreated hypertensive patients and control subjects.
- Utilized conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler echocardiography.
- Compared systolic myocardial velocity (Sm) and diastolic myocardial velocities (Em, Am) between groups.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive subjects showed lower systolic myocardial velocity (Sm) and early diastolic myocardial velocity (Em) compared to controls.
- Late diastolic myocardial velocity (Am) was comparable between hypertensive and control groups.
- Groups were similar in age and gender distribution.
Conclusions:
- Tissue Doppler echocardiography can identify early diastolic dysfunction in native African hypertensives.
- This technique may aid in detecting subtle systolic function impairments.
- Tissue Doppler echocardiography is a valuable tool for assessing hypertensive heart disease.
Background:
Hypertension results in structural and functional changes in the heart. Early detection of abnormalities of cardiac structure and function is important in the assessment and treatment of hypertensive subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of the tissue Doppler echocardiographic technique in characterising diastolic and systolic functions in untreated native black African hypertensive subjects.
Materials And Methods:
Forty consecutive, newly diagnosed, untreated hypertensives with adequate conventional echocardiographic (2-D, M-mode, transmitral and pulmonary Doppler flow velocities) and tissue Doppler echocardiographic images were recruited into the study. The control subjects were apparently normal individuals. Each arm of the study consisted of 21 male and 19 female subjects.
Results:
The two groups were comparable by age (48.6 +/- 11.35 years in the hypertensives vs 48.1 +/- 11.33 years in the controls; p = 0.844) and gender distribution (M/F: 21/19 in both groups). Other baseline characteristics, except for blood pressure parameters, which were predictably higher in the hypertensive subjects, were comparable between the two groups. The hypertensive subjects had a lower systolic myocardial velocity (Sm) and early diastolic myocardial velocity (Em) in comparison with the controls (p = 0.033 and p = 0.018, respectively). The late diastolic myocardial velocity (Am) was comparable in the two groups (p = 0.430).
Conclusions:
Tissue Doppler echocardiography demonstrates diastolic dysfunction relatively early in native African hypertensives and may be useful for detecting subtle deterioration in systolic function.
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Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment: