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Directional relays, essential for managing unidirectional fault currents, enhance the safety and efficiency of power systems. On power lines equipped with directional relays, faults downstream (to the right) of the current transformer typically cause the fault current to lag the bus voltage by approximately 90 degrees, known as the forward direction. In contrast, upstream (left-side) faults may result in the fault current leading the bus voltage by nearly 90 degrees, termed the reverse...
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Multidirectional sorting modes in deterministic lateral displacement devices.

Brian R Long1, Martin Heller, Jason P Beech

  • 1Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1274, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|November 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) devices sort microparticles by size. This study models DLD arrays with rational row-shift fractions, predicting new multidirectional sorting modes for high-throughput applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics and particle manipulation
  • Physics of fluid dynamics
  • Biotechnology and diagnostics

Background:

  • Deterministic lateral displacement (DLD) devices utilize microfluidic flow through obstacle arrays to separate particles.
  • Particle separation in DLD devices is crucial for various applications, including diagnostics and cell sorting.
  • Current DLD designs primarily focus on specific geometries for size-based separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of rational row-shift fractions in DLD array geometries on particle separation.
  • To develop a predictive model for understanding particle behavior in diverse DLD configurations.
  • To explore novel multidirectional sorting modes beyond traditional DLD capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a simplified computational model incorporating advection and diffusion.
  • Simulation of particle trajectories within DLD arrays featuring rational row-shift fractions.
  • Analysis of sorting behaviors across various geometric parameters.

Main Results:

  • The model predicts the emergence of multidirectional sorting modes.
  • These modes are dependent on the specific rational row-shift fractions employed in the DLD array.
  • The findings suggest potential for enhanced sorting efficiency and versatility.

Conclusions:

  • Rational row-shift fractions offer a tunable parameter for controlling particle sorting in DLD devices.
  • The predicted multidirectional sorting modes present opportunities for advanced high-throughput particle separation.
  • Experimental validation of these predicted modes in DLD devices with sub-micrometer obstacles is warranted.