Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity01:17

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity

In 1905, Albert Einstein published his special theory of relativity. According to this theory, no matter in the universe can attain a speed greater than the speed of light in a vacuum, which thus serves as the speed limit of the universe.
This has been verified in many experiments. However, space and time are no longer absolute. Two observers moving relative to one another do not agree on the length of objects or the passage of time. The mechanics of objects based on Newton's laws of motion,...
Comparison Tests01:28

Comparison Tests

An infinite series composed of positive terms may either approach a finite value or increase without bound. Determining which outcome occurs is a central task in calculus, and comparison tests provide structured methods for making this determination. Rather than evaluating a series directly, these tests relate it to another series whose behavior is already known, allowing conclusions to be drawn through logical comparison.The direct comparison test applies to series with positive terms. If each...
Alternating Series and Absolute Convergence01:28

Alternating Series and Absolute Convergence

A mass attached to a vertical spring can exhibit oscillatory motion as it moves above and below a central equilibrium point. In an ideal spring, the oscillations would continue indefinitely with constant amplitude. In a damped spring, however, resistive forces such as air resistance or internal friction gradually reduce the size of each swing. This behavior is often modeled by combining a sinusoidal function, which represents the repeated motion, with an exponential decay factor, which reduces...
Conservation of Mass in Finite Cotrol Volume01:16

Conservation of Mass in Finite Cotrol Volume

The principle of conservation of mass is a fundamental law in fluid mechanics and is applied using the continuity equation. We apply the concept to a finite control volume to derive the continuity equation.
A system is defined as a collection of unchanging contents, and the conservation of mass states that a system's mass is constant.
Conservation of Mass in Fixed, Nondeforming Control Volume01:07

Conservation of Mass in Fixed, Nondeforming Control Volume

The principle of conservation of mass is fundamental in fluid dynamics and is crucial for analyzing flow within fixed control volumes, such as pipes or ducts. This principle states that the total mass within a control volume remains constant unless altered by the inflow or outflow of mass through the control surfaces. This results in a vital relationship for steady, incompressible flow where the mass entering a system equals the mass leaving it.
In the case of a sewer pipe, which can be modeled...
Continuity Equation01:20

Continuity Equation

The total amount of current flowing per unit cross-sectional area is called the current density. Hence, the current passing through a cross-sectional area can be written as the surface integral of the current density.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Genomic insights into the population structure of malaria vectors of the Anopheles gambiae complex in The Gambia reveals distinctiveness and spatio-temporal stability of BISSAU molecular form.

Acta tropica·2026
Same author

The genomics of insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus: insights from a large bed-net trial.

BMC genomics·2026
Same author

Genetic Surveillance Reveals Differential Evolutionary Dynamic of Anopheles gambiae Under Contrasting Insecticidal Tools Used in Malaria Control.

Molecular ecology·2026
Same author

Signatures of selection and mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Ugandan <i>Anopheles funestus</i>: Insights from embedding translational genomics into the LLINEUP cluster randomised trial.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Analysis of Short Tandem Repeat Expansions in a Cohort of 12,496 Exomes from Patients with Neurological Diseases Reveals Variable Genotyping Rate Dependent on Exome Capture Kits.

Genes·2025
Same author

A Population-Wide Exploration of the THAP11 CAG Repeat Size and Structure in the 100,000 Genomes Project and UK Biobank.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2024
Same journal

Erratum: Spectroscopy and Ground-State Transfer of Ultracold Bosonic ^{39}K^{133}Cs Molecules [Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 203401 (2025)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Erratum: Lifetime of the ^{2}F_{7/2} Level in Yb^{+} for Spontaneous Emission of Electric Octupole Radiation [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 213001 (2021)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Laser-Plasma Based Seeded Free Electron Laser in the High-Gain Regime.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Parent Hamiltonians for Stabilizer Quantum Many-Body Scars.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Properties of Heavy Cosmic Nuclei Phosphorus, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, and Calcium: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Role of Spin-Isospin Symmetries in Nuclear β-Decays.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Consistency tests for the cosmological constant.

Caroline Zunckel1, Chris Clarkson

  • 1Oxford University, Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|November 13, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed new consistency tests to detect if the cosmological constant (Lambda) is incorrect, offering direct observational signals. These tests can identify deviations in dark energy models, even with limited data.

More Related Videos

Characterization of Full Set Material Constants and Their Temperature Dependence for Piezoelectric Materials Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy
07:44

Characterization of Full Set Material Constants and Their Temperature Dependence for Piezoelectric Materials Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy

Published on: April 27, 2016

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
10:42

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

Published on: May 3, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models
07:46

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Characterization of Full Set Material Constants and Their Temperature Dependence for Piezoelectric Materials Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy
07:44

Characterization of Full Set Material Constants and Their Temperature Dependence for Piezoelectric Materials Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy

Published on: April 27, 2016

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
10:42

Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh

Published on: May 3, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • The cosmological constant (Lambda) is the leading explanation for dark energy.
  • Current observational data is consistent with Lambda, but alternative dark energy models exist.
  • Directly testing Lambda's validity is crucial for understanding cosmic acceleration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose novel consistency tests for the cosmological constant (Lambda).
  • To provide direct observational signals of Lambda's incorrectness, independent of matter density and curvature.
  • To demonstrate the utility of these tests in ruling out non-Lambda dark energy models.

Main Methods:

  • Development of consistency tests for Lambda.
  • Application of tests to simulated Supernova Acceleration Probe (SNAP) data.
  • Analysis of potential for Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) data.

Main Results:

  • The flat case test can detect a 20% transition in the equation of state (w(z)) from -1 at 4-sigma using SNAP-quality data.
  • These tests successfully rule out a wide range of non-Lambda dark energy models without needing Omega_m.
  • LSST-scale data can significantly expand the range of models excluded.

Conclusions:

  • Consistency tests offer a robust method to probe the nature of dark energy.
  • These tests provide a direct observational handle on potential deviations from the cosmological constant.
  • Future surveys like LSST will greatly enhance the power of these tests.