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Published on: May 11, 2015
Genetic dissection of type 2 diabetes
Martin Ridderstråle1, Leif Groop
1Department of Clinical Sciences/Clinical Obesity, Lund University, University Hospital Malmoe, 20502 Malmoe, Sweden. martin.ridderstrale@med.lu.se
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
|November 13, 2008
Summary
Whole genome wide association studies (WGAS) have revolutionized the study of complex diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent WGAS have identified numerous T2D-associated genes, primarily impacting beta-cell function.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Metabolic Diseases
- Genomics
Background:
- Dissecting the genetic basis of complex polygenic diseases was historically challenging.
- The advent of whole genome wide association studies (WGAS) in 2007 significantly accelerated genetic research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of WGAS on understanding the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
- To highlight recent findings and future directions in T2D genetic research.
Main Methods:
- Whole genome wide association studies (WGAS) applied to large cohorts.
- Analysis of genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Main Results:
- At least eighteen genes consistently linked to T2D have been identified through WGAS.
- Many identified genes are associated with pancreatic beta-cell function, with fewer linked to insulin resistance.
- Current findings represent an initial step in understanding T2D's genetic complexity.
Conclusions:
- WGAS have provided unprecedented insights into T2D genetics.
- Future research will incorporate rare variants, copy number variations, and epigenetics for a comprehensive understanding.
- The genetic dissection of complex diseases like T2D is now feasible.
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