CT of nonneoplastic hepatic vascular and perfusion disorders

The unique dual blood supply of the liver (75% portal venous, 25% hepatic arterial) makes multiphase helical computed tomography (CT) a highly suitable technique for hepatic evaluation with imaging in two (arterial and portal venous) or more phases. Multiphase helical CT has become an important tool in the detection and characterization of hepatic tumors. In some situations, hemodynamic changes might mimic neoplastic or inflammatory lesions and evoke diagnostic uncertainty. To confidently identify hepatic conditions such as venous outflow obstruction (Budd-Chiari syndrome), arterioportal shunts, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome), peliosis hepatis, passive congestion, and hepatic infarction, radiologists must be familiar with the disease-specific CT appearances and related clinical manifestations.